{"id":150,"date":"2018-09-18T09:06:47","date_gmt":"2018-09-18T09:06:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/?p=150"},"modified":"2025-10-14T09:03:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T09:03:52","slug":"sql-error-5171","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/sql-error-5171\/","title":{"rendered":"Know How to Fix SQL Error 5171 Interruption"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"p-4 mb-4\" style=\"border: 2px solid #ADD8E6; border-radius: 30px;\">\n<p><em>If you\u2019ve tried to attach an MDF file to SQL Server only to receive the error message of \u201cSQL Server Error 5171: MDF is not a primary database file,\u201d you\u2019re not alone. This error indicates that SQL Server was unable to verify the consistency of the database file\u2019s structure.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"block_sum\"><em><strong>Summary: <\/strong>This can represent corruption, a deformed file, or something incompatible with SQL Server. It is more than a random bug for database administrators, as it can completely halt an organization\u2019s mission-critical operations. Hence, we discuss key causes, free methods, and an advanced\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/mssql-database-recovery.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SQL Database Recovery Tool<\/a><\/strong> to manage this error.<\/em><span class=\"block_btn\"><a class=\"custom-download-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sysinfotools.com\/demo-version\/SysInfoTools-MS-SQL-Database-Recovery.exe\"><i class=\"icon-windows\"><\/i> Download Now<\/a> <a class=\"custom-buy-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sysinfotools.com\/buynow\/ms-sql-database-recovery.php\"><i class=\"icon-basket\"><\/i> Purchase Now<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>When either attaching or restoring the database in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), you might encounter an error message:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&#8220;The file is not a primary database file. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 5171)&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This means SQL Server could not validate or verify the file as a valid MDF (primary data) file. The file header or meta-information is unreadable, or it does not fit an expected structure.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Note: <\/strong>MDF files store data as pages, and the size of each page is <strong>8 KB<\/strong>. The first one is the header page with all the crucial details like size, signature, compatibility, etc.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3 class=\"main_heading\">Common Reasons for Microsoft SQL Server Error 5171<\/h3>\n<p>This error can pop up due to any of the reasons mentioned below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sudden shut-downs, power outages, or disk problems can damage MDF headers.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Attempting to attach a log (.LDF) or secondary (.NDF) file as a primary MDF file.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Attaching an MDF file from a newer version of SQL Server to an older version.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">The database was not detached properly, and documents were moved or copied.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Damage to the metadata or an altered internal file signature that leads to its corruption.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"main_heading\">Symptoms of Error Code 5171 in Microsoft SQL<\/h3>\n<p>After understanding the reasons, let\u2019s learn what actually happens when this error arises. It states how exactly the professionals and other users were troubled due to this error:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Database Inaccessibility:<\/strong> This is the first thing that takes over and restricts users from viewing their data.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Downtimes:<\/strong> It makes it difficult for users to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/how-retrieve-data-from-temp-table-sql-server\/\"  target=\"_blank\"><strong>retrieve data from temp table in SQL Server<\/strong><\/a>, showing downtime and disruption.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>DB Incompatibility:<\/strong> It is possible that the server versions for the SQL database don\u2019t match.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Compromised File Integrity: MDF and LDF corruption directly affects the data and structure integrity.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"main_heading\">How to Resolve SQL Server Error 5171?<\/h2>\n<p>There are a few manual troubleshooting methods that you can try to fix this error code 5171. On the other hand, a professional tool prevails, which immediately fixes the error and MDF file corruption, providing you with database access and direct saving. To understand the methods briefly, follow the step-by-step guide below.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"main_heading\">Manually Fix SQL Server Database Error 5171<\/h3>\n<p>If there is minimal corruption or a misplaced file, SQL Server&#8217;s built-in tools will work as follows:\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>1) Check the Type of File<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ensure attaching an actual <strong>MDF<\/strong> file and not an LDF or NDF file. If you really need to, use<strong> SQL Server&#8217;s command line <\/strong>to check the file headers.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>2) Create a New Database &amp; Replace the MDF<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The steps to do so are:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Initially, create a <strong>new blank database <\/strong>with the <strong>same name<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Then, stop your <strong>SQL Server service<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Further, in the same folder as your <strong>old (corrupt) file<\/strong>, replace the <strong>new MDF <\/strong>with your original file.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Afterward, start <strong>SQL Server <\/strong>and type:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>EXEC sp_attach_single_file_db @databasename=&#8217;DbName&#8217;, @physname=&#8217;C:\\Path\\YourDB.mdf&#8217;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\">If successful, SQL Server will automatically <strong>rebuild the LDF <\/strong>to resolve SQL Server error 5171.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>3) Fix Mirrored Databases<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For mirrored databases, you need to use the command <strong>&#8220;ALTER DATABASE mydatabase SET online\u201d <\/strong>to work. But if the error 5171 occurs instead, then follow these steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>First, set your <strong>principal database <\/strong>in the<strong> SSMS<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Then, use the command <strong>ALTER DATABASE MODIFY FILE <\/strong>to alter the db file.<\/li>\n<li>Next, click the <strong>Stop<\/strong> button to halt the currently running server instance.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\"class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2356 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-2.webp\" alt=\"click the Stop button\" width=\"572\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-2.webp 572w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-2-300x164.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 572px) 100vw, 572px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Further, copy <strong>MDF<\/strong> and <strong>LDF<\/strong> to a separate directory.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2357 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-1.webp\" alt=\"Copy MDF and LDF\" width=\"566\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-1.webp 566w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image-1-300x101.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>In the end, restart the <strong>SQL Server instance<\/strong> and <strong>reattach <\/strong>the <strong>MDF<\/strong> and <strong>LDF<\/strong> files to fix.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>4) Restoration From Backup<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If you can, restoring from the latest <strong>clean backup<\/strong> is usually the best choice if your database is damaged in any way. Use the command:<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>RESTORE DATABASE DBName<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>FROM DISK = &#8216;C:\\Backup\\DBName.bak&#8217;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>WITH REPLACE;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>If you don&#8217;t have a recent backup, begin with a dedicated recovery tool. This is also because, though the above troubleshooting solutions work, they are not suited for everyone and may not give appropriate results in more critical cases.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"main_heading\">Professionally Fix Microsoft SQL Server Error 5171<\/h3>\n<p>When regular fixes may not work, most users prefer a trusted and verified <strong>SQL Database Recovery Tool<\/strong>. It is designed to repair internal corruption, rebuild MDF headers, and recover inaccessible objects (tables, triggers, and stored procedures from the database). Additionally, it:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Automatically detect and fix MDF and NDF corruption.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Recover all components (deleted records, constraints, and keys).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Maintain original hierarchy and integrity with full security.<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Support every SQL Server version (2008 to 2019).<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/fix-sql-server-error-8946\/\"  target=\"_blank\"><strong>Resolve SQL Server Error 8946<\/strong><\/a> and restore data on a new db or as scripts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Quick Steps to Fix SQL Server Database Error 5171<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Launch the <strong>SQL Repair Tool <\/strong>and click <strong>Open<\/strong> from the top panel.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2358 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/1-15.webp\" alt=\"Launch the SQL Repair Tool\" width=\"1365\" height=\"728\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/1-15.webp 1365w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/1-15-300x160.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/1-15-1024x546.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/1-15-768x410.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Then, choose the <strong>MDF<\/strong> <strong>file path<\/strong> and pick the <strong>recovery mode<\/strong>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\"class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2359 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/2-14.webp\" alt=\"Choose the MDF file path\" width=\"1140\" height=\"609\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/2-14.webp 1140w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/2-14-300x160.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/2-14-1024x547.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/2-14-768x410.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Apply other filter options and then click <strong>OK<\/strong> to scan the files.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2360 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/3-14.webp\" alt=\"Apply other filter then click OK\" width=\"1365\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/3-14.webp 1365w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/3-14-300x160.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/3-14-1024x548.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/3-14-768x411.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>After that, preview the tables from the tree view and select to recover.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2361 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/4-13.webp\" alt=\"Preview the tables\" width=\"1365\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/4-13.webp 1365w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/4-13-300x159.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/4-13-1024x544.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/4-13-768x408.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Press <strong>Save SQL Data<\/strong> from the top and choose to save as <strong>Database <\/strong>or<strong> Scripts<\/strong>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2362 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/5-7.webp\" alt=\"Press Save SQL Data\" width=\"1365\" height=\"729\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/5-7.webp 1365w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/5-7-300x160.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/5-7-1024x547.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/5-7-768x410.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Apply all other filters accordingly to secure and save your data. Finally, tap <strong>OK<\/strong>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin:20px 0; border: 1px solid\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2363 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/6-1.webp\" alt=\"Tap OK\" width=\"1365\" height=\"728\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/6-1.webp 1365w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/6-1-300x160.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/6-1-1024x546.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/6-1-768x410.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1365px) 100vw, 1365px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 class=\"main_heading\">Pro Tips for Prevention of Error 5171<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Always properly <strong>detach databases<\/strong> using <strong>SSMS<\/strong> before copying or moving MDF files to a separate location.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Backups should be stored separately on <strong>physical storage drives<\/strong> or in the <strong>cloud<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Check regularly for the integrity of the database using <strong>DBCC CHECKDB<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Keep your versions of <strong>SQL Server updated <\/strong>to avoid any incompatibility issues.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"main_heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>SQL Server Error 5171 is a critical warning that your MDF file cannot be recognized as a valid primary database file, or is often a major sign of corruption or version mismatch. The manual options for recovery of corrupt databases with minor issues are feasible. However, recovering severely corrupted databases often requires strong, professional-grade recovery options. For business enterprises, especially, ensuring you can get to your data whenever called upon is paramount. Hence, using the recovery tool is ideal to ensure everything follows correctly.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"faq_heading\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1760172987744\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">1. What is Microsoft SQL Server Error 5171?<br\/><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>Ans. <\/strong>Microsoft SQL Error 5171 occurs when SQL Server cannot recognize an MDF file as a valid primary database file due to corruption, the wrong type of file, or a version mismatch.<br\/><\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1760173022941\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">2. Which is the best tool to fix SQL Server Error 5171?<br\/><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>Ans. <\/strong>The <strong>SysInfo SQL Database Recovery Software<\/strong> is the most reliable solution. It will repair the MDF and NDF file(s), restore tables, stored procedures, and other objects that reside in the database while maintaining the integrity of the original database schema.<br\/><\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1760173047653\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">3. How long does it take to fix SQL Server Database Error 5171?<br\/><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\"><strong>Ans. <\/strong>This depends on the size and severity of the corruption of the database. In smaller databases up to 1 GB, this can sometimes take a few minutes. In several larger enterprise database cases, it could be longer, depending on the length to recover data, the number of transactions in the database, and the capabilities of the recovery hardware. To ensure it is done in minimal time, get the SQL Repair Software!<br\/><\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you\u2019ve tried to attach an MDF file to SQL Server only to receive the error message of \u201cSQL Server<a class=\"read-more ml-1 main-read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.databasefilerecovery.com\/blog\/sql-error-5171\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":152,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Know How to Fix SQL Error 5171 Interruption<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to fix SQL Server error 5171 quickly. 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